🌾 Farming Guide for Vegetables
Comprehensive information on vegetable cultivation - planting seasons, growing tips, harvesting guidelines, and more to help you succeed in farming
Showing 12 vegetables
Tomato
Fruit Vegetable
Best Planting Months
June-July (Kharif), October-November (Rabi)
Optimal Temperature
20-27°C (optimal)
Growing Period
60-80 days from transplanting
Water Requirement
Moderate - irrigate every 5-7 days
Soil Type
Well-drained loamy soil with pH 6.0-7.0
Plant Spacing
60cm between rows, 45cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 19:19:19 at vegetative stage, 13:0:45 during fruiting
Expected Yield
20-25 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest when fruits are firm and fully colored
- •Pick in the morning for better shelf life
- •Use sharp scissors to avoid plant damage
- •Store at room temperature, not in refrigerator
⚠️ Watch Out For
Potato
Root Vegetable
Best Planting Months
October-November (Rabi), January-February (Spring)
Optimal Temperature
15-25°C (optimal)
Growing Period
90-120 days
Water Requirement
High - irrigate every 7-10 days
Soil Type
Sandy loam with good drainage, pH 5.5-6.5
Plant Spacing
60cm between rows, 20-25cm between tubers
Fertilizer
NPK 20:20:20 at planting, additional nitrogen at earthing up
Expected Yield
8-10 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest when plants turn yellow and dry
- •Avoid harvesting in wet soil
- •Cure tubers in shade for 10-15 days
- •Store in cool, dark, well-ventilated place
⚠️ Watch Out For
Onion
Bulb Vegetable
Best Planting Months
November-December (Rabi)
Optimal Temperature
13-24°C (optimal)
Growing Period
120-150 days
Water Requirement
Moderate - light irrigation every 5-7 days
Soil Type
Well-drained loamy soil, pH 6.0-7.0
Plant Spacing
15cm between rows, 10cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 100:50:50 kg/acre, split application
Expected Yield
10-12 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest when 50% of tops fall over
- •Stop irrigation 10 days before harvest
- •Cure bulbs in shade for 7-10 days
- •Store in cool, dry place with good ventilation
⚠️ Watch Out For
Cabbage
Leafy Vegetable
Best Planting Months
September-October (Rabi)
Optimal Temperature
15-20°C (optimal)
Growing Period
90-120 days
Water Requirement
High - frequent light irrigation
Soil Type
Rich loamy soil with high organic matter, pH 6.0-6.8
Plant Spacing
45-60cm between rows, 45cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 120:60:60 kg/acre with organic manure
Expected Yield
15-20 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest when heads are firm and compact
- •Cut heads with 2-3 wrapper leaves
- •Harvest in cool hours of the day
- •Can store for 2-3 weeks in cool place
⚠️ Watch Out For
Cauliflower
Flower Vegetable
Best Planting Months
August-September (early), October-November (main)
Optimal Temperature
15-20°C (optimal)
Growing Period
60-100 days depending on variety
Water Requirement
High - regular irrigation required
Soil Type
Well-drained loamy soil rich in organic matter, pH 5.5-6.6
Plant Spacing
60cm between rows, 45cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 120:80:60 kg/acre, apply before transplanting
Expected Yield
10-15 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest when curds are compact and white
- •Tie leaves over curd 3-4 days before harvest
- •Cut with 2-3 leaves around the curd
- •Best harvested in morning hours
⚠️ Watch Out For
Carrot
Root Vegetable
Best Planting Months
October-November (Rabi)
Optimal Temperature
16-20°C (optimal)
Growing Period
90-110 days
Water Requirement
Moderate - light frequent irrigation
Soil Type
Deep, loose, sandy loam soil, pH 6.0-6.8
Plant Spacing
30cm between rows, 5-7cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 50:50:50 kg/acre, avoid fresh manure
Expected Yield
8-10 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest when roots reach desired size
- •Pull gently to avoid breaking
- •Remove tops immediately after harvest
- •Store in cool, humid conditions
⚠️ Watch Out For
Spinach
Leafy Vegetable
Best Planting Months
September-November (main), February-March (summer)
Optimal Temperature
15-20°C (optimal)
Growing Period
35-45 days
Water Requirement
Moderate - regular light irrigation
Soil Type
Rich loamy soil with good drainage, pH 6.0-7.0
Plant Spacing
20cm between rows, 5cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 60:30:30 kg/acre, nitrogen-rich fertilizer
Expected Yield
5-6 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest leaves when 5-6 inches long
- •Cut 2-3cm above ground for regrowth
- •Harvest in cool hours
- •Can harvest multiple times
⚠️ Watch Out For
Brinjal (Eggplant)
Fruit Vegetable
Best Planting Months
June-July (Kharif), October-November (Rabi)
Optimal Temperature
25-30°C (optimal)
Growing Period
60-70 days from transplanting
Water Requirement
Moderate - irrigate every 4-5 days
Soil Type
Well-drained loamy soil, pH 5.5-6.0
Plant Spacing
75cm between rows, 60cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 100:50:50 kg/acre, apply in splits
Expected Yield
15-18 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest when fruits are shiny and tender
- •Pick every 4-5 days during peak season
- •Use sharp knife to cut with stem
- •Avoid overripe fruits (dull appearance)
⚠️ Watch Out For
Okra (Bhindi)
Fruit Vegetable
Best Planting Months
March-April (spring), June-July (monsoon)
Optimal Temperature
25-35°C (optimal)
Growing Period
45-60 days
Water Requirement
Moderate - irrigate every 7-10 days
Soil Type
Well-drained loamy soil, pH 6.0-6.8
Plant Spacing
60cm between rows, 30cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 80:40:40 kg/acre
Expected Yield
5-7 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest tender pods every 2-3 days
- •Pick when 3-4 inches long
- •Harvest in morning when pods are crisp
- •Avoid overripe pods (fibrous)
⚠️ Watch Out For
Cucumber
Fruit Vegetable
Best Planting Months
February-March (spring), June-July (monsoon)
Optimal Temperature
20-30°C (optimal)
Growing Period
50-70 days
Water Requirement
High - irrigate every 3-4 days
Soil Type
Well-drained loamy soil rich in organic matter, pH 6.0-7.0
Plant Spacing
120cm between rows, 60cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 100:50:50 kg/acre with compost
Expected Yield
8-10 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest when fruits are green and firm
- •Pick every 2-3 days for continuous yield
- •Cut fruits with sharp knife
- •Avoid overripe yellow fruits
⚠️ Watch Out For
Pumpkin
Fruit Vegetable
Best Planting Months
February-March (spring), June-July (monsoon)
Optimal Temperature
20-32°C (optimal)
Growing Period
90-120 days
Water Requirement
Moderate - irrigate every 7-10 days
Soil Type
Well-drained sandy loam, pH 5.5-6.8
Plant Spacing
200cm between rows, 150cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 50:50:40 kg/acre with farmyard manure
Expected Yield
10-15 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest when fruits are fully mature
- •Skin should be hard and not dented by fingernail
- •Leave 3-4 inch stem attached
- •Cure in sun for 10 days before storage
⚠️ Watch Out For
Radish
Root Vegetable
Best Planting Months
September-February
Optimal Temperature
10-20°C (optimal)
Growing Period
30-40 days
Water Requirement
Low to moderate - irrigate every 5-7 days
Soil Type
Light sandy loam, pH 6.0-7.0
Plant Spacing
30cm between rows, 5cm between plants
Fertilizer
NPK 40:40:20 kg/acre
Expected Yield
4-5 tons
✂️ Harvesting Tips
- •Harvest when roots reach 2-3 cm diameter
- •Pull gently to avoid breaking
- •Harvest in cool hours
- •Best consumed fresh, doesn't store long
⚠️ Watch Out For
🌟 General Farming Tips for Success
Soil Preparation
Prepare soil 2-3 weeks before planting. Add organic compost and ensure proper drainage.
Water Management
Water early morning or evening. Avoid waterlogging. Use drip irrigation for efficiency.
Seed Selection
Use certified seeds. Check for disease resistance varieties suitable for your region.
Crop Rotation
Rotate crops each season to prevent soil depletion and reduce pest buildup.
Pest Control
Monitor regularly. Use integrated pest management. Prefer organic methods first.
Record Keeping
Track planting dates, inputs, yields, and expenses for better planning next season.